Dekonstruksi Patriarki dalam Tafsir Al-Qur’an Perspektif Qiraah Tarikhiyyah dan Qiraah Unasiyyah Muhammad Thalbi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.71153/wathan.v3i3.632Keywords:
Dekonstruksi, patriarki, tafsir al-Qur'an, Qirâah Târîkhiyyah wa Qirâah Unâsiyyah, Muhammad ThalbiAbstract
Isu kesetaraan gender dalam Islam kerap memicu perdebatan di kalangan akademisi, terutama terkait interpretasi ayat-ayat Al-Qur’an tentang relasi laki-laki dan perempuan. Sebagian pihak menganggap Islam mengandung diskriminasi terhadap perempuan, sementara yang lain menegaskan prinsip kesetaraan. Muhammad Thalbi memperkenalkan metode Qirâah Târîkhiyyah wa Qirâah Unâsiyyah (historis humanistis) untuk menganalisis isu gender secara kontekstual. Berdasarkan studi kepustakaan, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan historis humanistik tidak hanya menekankan aspek hukum, tetapi juga menyoroti nilai kemanusiaan dalam Al-Qur’an yang mendukung perlindungan dan pemberdayaan perempuan. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan memperhatikan konteks sejarah dan sosial terkait peran perempuan dalam ruang publik, pembagian waris, dan kesaksian, pendekatan ini menghindari anachronisme, yakni menilai masa lalu dengan standar masa kini, sehingga menghasilkan tafsiran yang lebih adil. Metode ini juga memperkuat objektivitas dan inklusivitas dalam penafsiran, membuka ruang diskusi yang memperluas pemahaman terhadap realitas sosial dan eksistensi perempuan. Qirâah Târîkhiyyah wa Qirâah Unâsiyyah menekankan lebih dari sekadar aspek hukum, ia menggali nilai humanis Al-Qur’an yang menekankan perlindungan dan pemberdayaan perempuan.
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